- See also
- - https://sicstus.sics.se/sicstus/docs/3.12.11/html/sicstus/Lists.html
- To be done
- - This library is incomplete.
As of SICStus 3.12.11, the following predicates are missing:
substitute(+OldElem, +List, +NewElem, -NewList) is det- NewList is List with all values that are identical (==) to OldElem
replaced by NewElem.
nth(?Index, ?List, ?Element) is nondet- True if Element is the N-th element in List. Counting starts at
1.
- deprecated
- - use nth1/3.
nth(?Index, ?List, ?Element, ?Rest) is nondet- True if Element is the N-th element in List and Rest is the
remainder (as if by select/3) of List. Counting starts at 1.
- deprecated
- - use nth1/4.
same_length(?List1, ?List2, ?Length) is nondet- True if List1 and List2 both have length Length.
sublist(?Sub, +List)- True when all members of Sub are members of List in the same
order.
- Compatibility
- - sicstus. The order of generating sublists differs.
- - This predicate is known in many Prolog implementations,
but the semantics differ. E.g. In YAP it is a continuous
sub-list.
suffix(?Suffix, ?List) is nondet- True if Suffix is a suffix of List. Not the same as suffix/2
in SICStus 4 - the arguments are reversed!
Re-exported predicates
The following predicates are exported from this file while their implementation is defined in imported modules or non-module files loaded by this module.
sum_list(+List, -Sum) is det- Sum is the result of adding all numbers in List.
permutation(?Xs, ?Ys) is nondet- True when Xs is a permutation of Ys. This can solve for Ys given
Xs or Xs given Ys, or even enumerate Xs and Ys together. The
predicate permutation/2 is primarily intended to generate
permutations. Note that a list of length N has N! permutations,
and unbounded permutation generation becomes prohibitively
expensive, even for rather short lists (10! = 3,628,800).
If both Xs and Ys are provided and both lists have equal length
the order is |Xs|^2. Simply testing whether Xs is a permutation
of Ys can be achieved in order log(|Xs|) using msort/2 as
illustrated below with the semidet
predicate is_permutation/2:
is_permutation(Xs, Ys) :-
msort(Xs, Sorted),
msort(Ys, Sorted).
The example below illustrates that Xs and Ys being proper lists
is not a sufficient condition to use the above replacement.
?- permutation([1,2], [X,Y]).
X = 1, Y = 2 ;
X = 2, Y = 1 ;
false.
- Errors
- -
type_error(list, Arg)
if either argument is not a proper
or partial list.
reverse(?List1, ?List2)- Is true when the elements of List2 are in reverse order compared to
List1. This predicate is deterministic if either list is a proper
list. If both lists are partial lists backtracking generates
increasingly long lists.
same_length(?List1, ?List2)- Is true when List1 and List2 are lists with the same number of
elements. The predicate is deterministic if at least one of the
arguments is a proper list. It is non-deterministic if both
arguments are partial lists.
- See also
- - length/2
last(?List, ?Last)- Succeeds when Last is the last element of List. This
predicate is
semidet
if List is a list and multi
if List is
a partial list.
- Compatibility
- - There is no de-facto standard for the argument order of
last/2. Be careful when porting code or use
append(_, [Last], List)
as a portable alternative.
nextto(?X, ?Y, ?List)- True if Y directly follows X in List.
nth0(?Index, ?List, ?Elem)- True when Elem is the Index'th element of List. Counting starts
at 0.
- Errors
- -
type_error(integer, Index)
if Index is not an integer or
unbound.
- See also
- - nth1/3.
nth0(?N, ?List, ?Elem, ?Rest) is det- Select/insert element at index. True when Elem is the N'th
(0-based) element of List and Rest is the remainder (as in by
select/3) of List. For example:
?- nth0(I, [a,b,c], E, R).
I = 0, E = a, R = [b, c] ;
I = 1, E = b, R = [a, c] ;
I = 2, E = c, R = [a, b] ;
false.
?- nth0(1, L, a1, [a,b]).
L = [a, a1, b].
prefix(?Part, ?Whole)- True iff Part is a leading substring of Whole. This is the same
as
append(Part, _, Whole)
.
member(?Elem, ?List)- True if Elem is a member of List. The SWI-Prolog definition
differs from the classical one. Our definition avoids unpacking
each list element twice and provides determinism on the last
element. E.g. this is deterministic:
member(X, [One]).
- author
- - Gertjan van Noord
append(?List1, ?List2, ?List1AndList2)- List1AndList2 is the concatenation of List1 and List2
delete(+List1, @Elem, -List2) is det- Delete matching elements from a list. True when List2 is a list
with all elements from List1 except for those that unify with
Elem. Matching Elem with elements of List1 is uses
\+ Elem \=
H
, which implies that Elem is not changed.
- See also
- - select/3, subtract/3.
- deprecated
- - There are too many ways in which one might want to
delete elements from a list to justify the name.
Think of matching (= vs. ==), delete first/all,
be deterministic or not.
max_list(+List:list(number), -Max:number) is semidet- True if Max is the largest number in List. Fails if List is
empty.
- See also
- - max_member/2.
min_list(+List:list(number), -Min:number) is semidet- True if Min is the smallest number in List. Fails if List is
empty.
- See also
- - min_member/2.
select(?Elem, ?List1, ?List2)- Is true when List1, with Elem removed, results in List2. This
implementation is determinsitic if the last element of List1 has
been selected.
Undocumented predicates
The following predicates are exported, but not or incorrectly documented.
- is_list(Arg1)
- memberchk(Arg1, Arg2)